Louisiana POST 2 Academy Practice Exam

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• What term describes matters that do not occur in or near the presence of the court?
• What term describes actions occurring at the same time or close to the time of the arrest?
• Which case held that a search incident to arrest extends to the passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the arrestee is riding?
• Which level of proof corresponds to 10% of proof when compared to probable cause?
• The act of taking exception to some statement or procedure in a trial
• Is a less demanding standard than probable cause defined in Alabama v. White; reasonable suspicion can arise from information less reliable than that required to show probable cause.
• Which term refers to sexual gratification through contact with animals?
• Which motion seeks to declare the trial invalid before completion due to alleged improper conduct?
• The exclusionary rule can be used in which types of cases?
• Which term refers to a conditional release from prison?
• Which of the following lists all four instances when an officer may use force?
• Touching the genitals of another without consent using a part of the body or instrument is defined as which offense?
• Which type of evidence is most common in real court cases?
• The questioning of a witness in a trial or the taking of a deposition, by the party opposed to the one who produced the witness.
• Which term refers to pleading guilty to a lesser offense in exchange for concessions from the prosecution?
• Which term describes arousal from dominating, mistreating, or hurting a partner?
• Which doctrine allows admission if the source is independent of the illegality?
• Which amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms?
• Which term refers to tangible objects used as evidence, such as fingerprints or weapons?
• Which term describes the unlawful, physical restraint of another's liberty, whether in prison or elsewhere?
• Kleptomania is defined as a compulsion to steal an object regardless of its value or use.
• Which robbery classification involves taking property by force or intimidation with no weapon and no injury to the victim?
• What term describes the process in which a victim or witness is shown photographs of possible suspects along with photographs of others with similar physical characteristics?
• Which of the following is NOT a search pattern listed?
• A writ of habeas corpus is an order from the court to the one holding the prisoner to produce him in court so that the legality of the detention may be decided.
• Which case extended the exclusionary rule to state governments?
• What is the basic mission for which the police exist?
• Which term describes limiting a search to places where the object might be located?
• What term describes a civil action filed under federal law seeking damages for constitutional rights violations by police?
• Urolagnia is best described as sexual arousal from which substance?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of privileged communication?
• Which category is a civil claim where the defendant intended to cause harm?
• A murder that would normally be first or second degree but was committed in the heat of passion is classified as which offense?
• Which amendment guarantees the jury trial for civil cases where the amount in controversy exceeds $20?
• That state of a case which, after the entire comparison and consideration of all the evidence, leaves the minds of jurors in the condition that they cannot say that they feel an abiding conviction to a moral certainty of the truth of the charge.
• What term describes a sworn, written allegation stating that a specified person committed a crime?
• The unlawful killing of another human being without malice; may be with intent to kill, upon a sudden passion or heat of blood, or without intent while committing some unlawful act
• Which court case is associated with exculpatory evidence?
• Due process rights are found in which amendment?
• Which term is defined as the body (material substance) upon which a crime has been committed?
• A _____ requires probable cause.
• Law in its regular course of administration through the courts of justice is referred to as?
• Which amendment is primarily associated with the right to a trial by jury in criminal cases?
• The ordinary jury composed of twelve persons who hear criminal and civil cases is called what?
• Which term denotes the place where a person has established permanent residence and which may have legal significance in cases involving jurisdiction or eligibility?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of bail?
• Which amendment covers the right to have witnesses in your favor (compulsory process for obtaining witnesses)?
• Which statement best describes a benefit of obtaining a warrant prior to acting?
• Is the taking of one person into custody by another.
• A warrant can be issued on hearsay, but the totality of circumstances should point to the location. Which case?
• When consented to, it's called phone sex
• Circumstantial evidence requires the trier of fact to do what?
• Taking or enticing a child with the intent to keep the child, or to secret the child from the person with custody.
• Three components of the criminal justice system of the United States are:
• Which case allows an officer to compel the driver out of the car?
• Under the Frye Doctrine, what criterion must scientific evidence meet to be admissible?
• Which term refers to defamatory spoken words that damage a person's reputation?
• Which term describes evidence used to reinforce testimony?
• Using a hostage as a shield in a kidnapping.
• Which case held that innocent-seeming activity and data cannot be used by a magistrate to justify issuing a warrant?
• Which case established that a lineup after formal charging is a critical stage of proceedings entitling the accused to counsel?
• Which term is used for a written order directing a search by law enforcement?
• Relating to the body; corporal punishment is force used against the body of another. What term describes this?
• Which case is the controlling rule for vehicle searches incident to arrest, allowing police to search the passenger compartment?
• How can probable cause be established?
• Which term is a copy of the original writing, or oral statement reduced to writing?
• When is probable cause required?
• Which term describes the body of prior court decisions that courts rely on to decide current cases?
• What is the term for proof of facts by a witness who directly observed the events, not relying on inference?
• Which term describes a person who discreetly furnishes information to the police?
• Release from custody on condition of appearance in court.
• Negligent homicide is a term used to describe which category of homicide?
• Which type of police report is completed as the investigation, leads, and evidence develop?
• Which term is used to describe the ordinary twelve-person jury?
• Which victims are cited as elevating the seriousness of murder in the material?
• Which theory posits that officers generally have limited financial resources, but the city, county, or municipality has deeper pockets of funds?
• An official statement of facts about a crime is called what?
• Which case held that the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places, and applies to wiretapped communications?
• Which defense asserts the action was legally justified due to probable cause?
• Which term represents the body of rules and principles that governs the legal system and its philosophy?
• Which term is another name for a frisk?
• Refers to both public and private property, movable and immovable, and corporeal and incorporeal property.
• An obligation signed by the accused, with sureties, to secure his presence in court.
• Evidence supplementary to that already given which tends to strengthen or confirm it is known as what?
• Who files an indictment?
• Any crime not a felony usually punishable by a fine or imprisonment in county parish or other local jail rather than to the state prison
• In policing philosophy, which concept describes using force only as a last resort after other methods have failed?
• Which term is a sworn, written allegation stating that a crime occurred?
• A set of identifiers developed by law enforcement agencies describing the types of individuals who are likely to transport drugs.
• Santabello v. New York established which principle regarding plea bargains?
• Which term describes the power to overturn a lower court's decision?
• Which form of road block involves stopping every car to control drunk driving?
• What step immediately follows Indictment or Information?
• Which case held that a suspect is not entitled to the presence and advice of a lawyer during a lineup if not formally charged?
• Which term is the science of poisons?
• Zoophilia is defined as sexual gratification from contact with animals?
• The good faith exception to the exclusionary rule applies when a rights violation was caused by a court or clerical error in which case?
• Which term describes the person who initiates a civil or criminal action?
• Science of projectile motion.
• Which hearsay exception requires records kept in the regular course of business?
• Which case established the vehicle inventory search doctrine?
• To bring the accused before a judge, in open court, where he pleads to the charges against him.
• Which term means a written law passed by the legislature?
• Modus operandi; a particular procedure followed for gratification is called?
• Which term designates a court that maintains official records of its proceedings?
• Which case clarifies that reasonable suspicion is a lower standard than probable cause?
• Which term describes an order by a court prohibiting a defendant from performing an act that could injure the plaintiff?
• A dream-like mental state with vague continuity is known as?
• What term means to deceive someone to deprive them of what is rightfully due?
• Which case established the automobile exception allowing warrantless vehicle searches with probable cause due to vehicle mobility?
• Which kidnapping charge is defined as forcibly removing a person from a location to another with no ransom?
• Which case established the objective reasonableness standard for use of force?
• The protection of oneself from imminent bodily harm is called?
• Which amendment is commonly cited for protection against self-incrimination and double jeopardy?
• Which area of concern when testifying in court includes appearance, attitude, and etiquette?
• Which level of proof corresponds to 20% of proof when compared to probable cause?
• What is the name of the rule that states a person not formally charged is not entitled to a lawyer during a lineup?
• Which case holds that the death penalty is not cruel and unusual punishment?
• Which of the following is not a right protected by the First Amendment?
• Which color references the irritant agent among the following?
• Which standard considers the totality of the circumstances for probable cause?
• Which doctrine permits admission of evidence when the error was caused by a court employee, though the good faith exception applies?
• Which term refers to a plea of 'no contest'?
• During a criminal trial, what occurs immediately after the defense's opening statements?
• Latent is defined as lying dormant and hidden.
• Which identification process uses a lineup to identify the suspect?
• Which statement correctly pairs color code with agent type?
• Which term is the evidence presented by a witness under oath?
• Which term refers to the killing of one human being by another?
• Which type of evidence involves DNA found at a crime scene such as blood, hair, skin, sweat, or saliva?
• The action of a party to stop prosecution in court, known as
• Which color-coded category would you assign to sickening agents?
• How many parts does a shotgun have?
• Which color-coded chemical weapon corresponds to Tear Gas?
• What are the basic types of police reports?
• Two advantages in obtaining a warrant prior to acting
• Booking refers to which action?
• Which term means to discredit or question the veracity of a witness?
• Which term refers to behavior that imputes the authority of a court or obstructs the execution of the courts?
• Which term describes any scene that could become a crime scene?
• What is a motion for directed verdict of acquittal?
• What term refers to police questioning that tends to incriminate or is designed to elicit incriminating information?
• Which case established that the magistrate must be neutral and detached?
• Right to peacefully overthrow the government is protected by which amendment?
• Which Englishman established fingerprint patterns and classified them into 3 types and 8 sub-groups still in use today?
• DNA evidence is used to link a suspect to a crime scene by analyzing what type of material?
• In Louisiana, arrest warrants remain in effect until what event occurs?
• Which amendment states that rights are retained by the state?
• Which color sign indicates relax alert?
• Which amendment guarantees the right to counsel during criminal proceedings?
• Which rule states the suspect has the right to have a lawyer present during post-charge lineups?
• Which case established that information plus corroboration establishes probable cause for a warrantless arrest?
• Rebuttal evidence is best described as which of the following?
• Which term refers to lawsuits seeking damages for police misconduct under federal law?
• In penalty clauses, which term refers to any person who could be subject to the clause?
• Which term describes a crime punishable by death or hard labor?
• Which of the following is NOT a fingerprint classification listed in the material?
• How many types of burglaries are described?
• In bad faith describes which term?
• What tort results from a breach of a duty to act reasonably toward those who may be foreseeably harmed?
• Which hearsay exception applies to a statement relating to a startling event made while the declarant was under emotional stress?
• Which amendment prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes during peacetime?
• What term means lying dormant and hidden?
• Which outcome occurs when the appellate court agrees with the lower court's decision?
• In a police report, which six elements should be addressed?
• Which type of burglar possesses the skills and tools to bypass alarms and crack safes, planning crimes with elaborate care?
• Which term describes the authority of a court to hear a case and issue rulings, including geographic or subject matter limits?
• Which case holds that a stop-and-frisk cannot be used to search for items beyond weapons?
• Who is commonly regarded as the Father of Modern Law Enforcement?
• The due process clause is associated with incorporation of rights to the states; which amendment carries this clause?
• Which case requires a search warrant to arrest someone in a third-party residence?
• Which term describes the area around an arrestee that may be searched?
• The body (material substance) upon which a crime has been committed is called what?
• In a bifurcated trial, when does the punishment stage occur?
• A term that designates a court whose territorial authority is limited to a city or municipality
• What is a search warrant obtained based on probable cause and an expectation that seizable items will be found at a certain place?
• Which term denotes erotic stimuli from objects?
• Which level of proof corresponds to 5% of proof relative to probable cause?
• Which case states that once the process shifts from investigatory to accusatory, the suspect gains the right to counsel?
• States that items that are within the sight of an officer who is legally in a place from which the view is made may properly be seized without a warrant, as long as such items are immediately recognizable as subject to seizure
• The term 'Another' in legal definitions refers to which of the following?
• Which term refers to the geographical area in which a court has jurisdiction and the power to compel the presence of the parties to litigation?
• Which burglary category is described as involving entry with a weapon or the gaining of a weapon during entry?
• Which term is defined as the official decision of a court or jury?
• An order in writing by judge authority to take a specific person into custody to answer a specific criminal charge.
• A sexual perversion in which one person derives pleasure from physical pain inflicted by another
• Two primary modes of communication in directing traffic
• Which case permits a warrantless search incident to a lawful arrest of a motorist?
• Which statement best summarizes the fundamentals of basic marksmanship?
• Which element refers to the arrestee's awareness that they are being arrested?
• Which term refers to spoken defamatory statements?
• Which amendment prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes?
• The term used to designate the enactments of the legislative or governing body of a municipality or city
• What term means compelling a person to do that which they do not have to do, or to omit that which they may legally do, by illegal threat or force?
• A statement by the declarant about the cause or circumstances surrounding impending death is known as which hearsay exception?
• Presented by means of the spoken words. Normally comes from the witness stand, but may be voice recording and/or video tapes.
• Sexual battery using the mouth when forced is designated as which offense?
• Exposing the genitals to an unsuspecting person is best described as?
• All evidence must possess the following qualities: relevant, material, and competent. Which of the following best describes these qualities?
• Attraction to both sexes is described by which term?
• Harmless error when the error is committed by a judge, not the police, occurs in which case?
• Which amendment is the one that applies rights to the states?
• May be written confessions, written statements from a witness, canceled checks, business records, laboratory reports, and other written material.
• Which case is associated with a landlord scenario?
• This term means something that would ordinarily be anticipated by an average reasonable person.
• Which color-coded chemical weapon corresponds to Smoke?
• Which term is the power of a court to hear and determine a matter?
• Which culture used fingerprints thousands of years ago to sign important documents?
• To take into custody; to arrest.
• Evidence of what a witness thinks, believes, or infers in regard to a fact in dispute, as distinguished from personal knowledge
• Which term describes evidence derived from what a person says in court?
• Which case requires an arrest warrant to enter a private residence absent exigent circumstances?
• Which pairing correctly describes the two types of arrest?
• Which term means any individual of the human species from fertilization and implantation until birth?
• To set at liberty a person arrested or imprisoned, or security being taken, for his appearance at a specified time and place, while charges are pending in court.
• Temporary rigidity of muscles occurring after death is called ...
• Officer using power possessed by virtue of law
• How many factors are listed as controlling the deposition of latent fingerprints?
• Which term refers to an accusation of crime, in writing, by a grand jury, also called true bill of indictment?
• What term means anything communicated orally during an investigation where a person incriminates themselves either explicitly or implicitly?
• Which phrase refers to all evidence of an indirect nature, inferred from circumstances to establish a principal fact?
• In a penalty clause, the term that refers to any person is
• What is the term for the intentional infliction of harmful or offensive bodily contact?
• The surrender by one state to another of an individual who is outside its own territory but within the territorial jurisdiction of the other is called?
• A court obligated to keep records of the proceedings. The statutes specify which courts are of record.
• Process issued from the bench for the arrest of one named or described.
• A phrase used by a grand jury when they fail to indict
• The city regulation formal rule enacted by its legislative body
• A _____ requires reasonable suspicion.
• What term describes a level of proof defined as 100% of proof when compared to probable cause?
• An officer legally present in a location observes contraband in plain view and may seize it without a warrant under which doctrine?
• Which term describes the initial questioning of a witness by the party who called the witness?
• Which term refers to a process that would compel a witness or other person to appear in court at a specified time and place?
• A habitual offender is also known as a ...
• Which color sign corresponds to immediate combat?
• What are the two recognized types of arrest?
• Death resulting from driving while intoxicated qualifies as which offense?
• Which amendment is associated with rights retained by the people?
• Which color code is assigned to Oleoresin capsicum in chemical agent classification?
• In evidence terms, which statement best describes an admission?
• Which term refers to an agreement among persons to commit a crime?
• In Fourth Amendment jurisprudence, which area is not protected by the Fourth Amendment and may be searched or seized without a warrant?
• A writ issued from a court, directing an officer to perform a duty
• A jury of inquiry whose duty is to hear complaints or accusations in criminal cases and may return indictments against the accused.
• Criminal; literally: a guilty mind
• What term describes the protection against being prosecuted more than once for the same offense?
• Physical evidence is sometimes called real evidence.
• Which term means the person who initiates an action?
• Which branch of government consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives, collectively known as Congress?
• What is the term for a court order requiring a person to appear in court on a specified date to answer charges?
• When a person says he or she committed the act, this is called what?
• Which term means exhibitionism?
• Which term refers to evidence presented to destroy the credibility of witnesses or the opposing party's evidence?
• What classification applies to crimes punishable by death or hard labor?
• Which statement best describes first-degree robbery?
• In criminal practice, to bring an accused to the bar of court in order that he may plead.
• Deals with the effect the item has on the verdict. Which term describes this concept?
• What term is defined as an emergency that makes obtaining a warrant impractical, useless, dangerous, or unnecessary?
• Anyone who is wanted by law enforcement officers and cannot be located.
• Which process involves displaying the suspect to a witness together with others of similar appearance to determine identification?
• What term describes a secret combination of persons who plan to commit a crime or any two or more unlawful acts?
• What term describes a non-formal solicitation of information?
• Takes place at the police station and is used for obtaining fingerprints, photographs, conducting police lineups, or securing identification, or other types of evidence.
• When an agency agrees to drop charges in return for the individual dropping a civil suit, this is known as what?
• Which level of proof corresponds to 50% of proof when compared to probable cause?
• An act to see if some type of usable evidence can be found on the suspect, frequently referring to those general searches not based upon a particular objective basis for establishing reasonable suspicion.
• Which standard of proof must be established to convict in criminal cases?
• Mandamus is defined as a writ which issues out of a superior court directing an official or entity to do a specific act.
• ________ is the set of decisions of a court that can be cited as precedent.
• Prosecutors must abide by the agreement of the plea bargain. Which case established this?
• Which term describes a defendant's agreement to plead guilty to an offense in exchange for a lower charge or sentence?
• Which hearsay exception is associated with statements by sexual abuse victims under age 12?
• The level of certainty needed in order for a police officer to make an arrest is called what?
• What term describes restricting a search to areas where the object might be located?
• Which amendment states that rights are retained by the people?
• All the means used to prove or disprove the fact at issue are collectively called what?
• Fundamentals of basic marksmanship
• Which term denotes attraction to both sexes?
• First degree murder requires which elements?
• The phrase must be given the broadest possible construction, including any conceivable thing of the slightest value, moveable or immovable, corporeal or incorporeal, public or private, and including transportation, telephone and telegraph services, or any other available for hire. This defines which concept?
• Which case established the 48-hour rule for detaining arrestees pending probable cause determinations?
• Which color code indicates state of alarm?
• Direct contempt of court refers to contempt that occurs in the presence of the court.
• Which psychosis is characterized by withdrawal from reality and may include delusions or hallucinations?
• The purpose of an interrogation is to gather and test the validity of the belief that the suspect responsible for or involved in the matter under investigation.
• Which rule states that after being formally charged, a suspect in a lineup or confrontation is entitled to have a lawyer present?
• Which is a formal solicitation of information usually concerning criminal acts?
• To contradict
• Which of the following is a common exception to the hearsay rule?
• Which type of evidence includes tangible items like fingerprints and tool marks?
• Which kidnapping charge applies to taking or enticing a child with the intent to keep the child from a custodian?
• The case that recognized the purged taint exception to the exclusionary rule is:
• Temporary detention of a vehicle based on probable cause to believe traffic laws have been broken?
• To withhold from another what is justly due him, or to deprive him of the right by artifice or deception; to cheat is to?
• 100% of proof when compared to probable cause is referred to as which standard?
• The first organized metropolitan police force was in which city?
• What is the purpose of the exclusionary rule?
• A search into clothing and pockets requires probable cause. Which term describes such a search?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of arrest?
• Which element of an arrest refers to the officer's purpose to take someone into custody?
• Which doctrine permitted evidence to be submitted in federal court despite illegal seizure by state officers?
• Which case holds that evidence is still admissible if the warrant was issued and it is later determined probable cause did not exist?
• During a frisk, the officer is only justified in a check for ________.
• In appellate terms, which outcome occurs when the appellate court agrees with the lower court's ruling?
• What alternative name is used for photo identification?
• Manslaughter is defined as the unlawful killing of another human being without malice.
• To arrest someone in a third-party residence, which type of warrant is required?
• Who is known as the father of modern law enforcement?
• Which option describes an alternative to a physical arrest?
• Direct evidence requires which of the following?
• Which offense is defined as non-consensual touching of another's genitals using a body part or instrument?
• After a suspect has waived their rights, a clearly stated demand for an attorney is required before questioning; phrases like 'I think I want a lawyer' are not sufficient. Which case addresses this?
• What is the goal of jails?
• Which rule states that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment is not admissible in a criminal case?
• Which case is cited as the foundational ruling that allowed illegally obtained evidence to be used in federal courts, leading to the silver platter concept?
• In the color-coded system, which color corresponds to Tear Gas?
• The COURT component is made up of (3) which of the following sets is correct?
• What is the term for a written order issued by a judge directing police to search for property and bring it to court?
• The right to a grand jury for capital and infamous crimes is protected by which amendment?
• The act of officers or agents of a government inducing a person to commit a crime not originally contemplated by him, for the purpose of instituting a criminal prosecution against him, is known as?
• The writ which issues out of a superior court directed to any person, corporation or inferior court, requiring them to do some particular thing
• The Silver Platter Doctrine refers to admitting illegally seized evidence in federal court. True or False?
• What is the term for events that law enforcement can plan for to manage congestion around a large event?
• Which description best defines a two-stage trial?
• What term describes a waiver of rights by a suspect who is competent and knowingly waives those rights?
• Which statement best describes how burglars select targets?
• What term describes an illegal arrest by a police officer?
• Expression of feeling by use of a specific object is called?
• A writ issued from a court, directing an officer to convey the person named therein, to jail or other place of confinement
• Which doctrine holds that courts will follow established precedents in future similar cases?
• What term describes a person who has personal knowledge of a matter and can testify about it?
• Which amendment protects the right to confront witnesses against you?
• Forcible removal of a person from one place to another. There is no ransom.
• Which doctrine requires that scientific evidence be generally accepted by the relevant field to be admissible?
• To be prosecuted twice for the same offense is described by which legal principle?
• Which type of searches are conducted by government investigators to determine whether there are violations of government rules and regulations?
• Which case established the right to counsel for defendants in non-capital criminal prosecutions?
• Which term is a signed request directing a person to appear in court at a stated time and place?
• Which case is described as a leading case in the material?
• Relating to the courts and to medicine in relation to the court is described by which term?
• Which term refers to the philosophy of law—the science dealing with the principles of positive law and legal relations made by the court?
• A compulsion to set fires
• Which basic police report type summarizes the investigation once it is concluded?
• Which term refers to a formal written accusation of a crime by a grand jury?
• Which option lists acceptable procedures for securing a photographic identification?
• Which describes the two types of force used in police work?
• Which term is used to categorize internet harassment & threats related to sexual activity conducted online?
• An intentional perversion of the truth; deceitful practice or device resorted to with intent to deprive another of property or other right, or in some manner do him injury.
• Which case held that officers do not need a warrant to arrest someone in a public place?
• The purpose of an interview is to gather and test the validity of information in order to determine the particulars of the matter under investigation.
• Which age categories are identified as particularly vulnerable in the context of the material?
• Which term describes the force police may use to the extent necessary to secure observance of the law or to restore order only when persuasion, advice and warning are found to be insufficient?
• Which of the following is cited as assisting you with a lawsuit?
• Which type of burglar is described as entering through doors or windows left unlocked, with vandalism being common?
• Which case established that defendants arrested without a warrant must be given probable cause within 48 hours of arrest?
• Which term describes the dismissal of a prospective juror for a reason that need not be stated?
• Which option is not typically a defendant named in Section 1983 cases against police?
• What is a preliminary hearing?
• In which case did the Court approve warrantless searches incident to the arrest of a person in a motor vehicle?
• A conditional release from prison is called what?
• Which burglar type is described as petty offenders or opportunists (window open in a house)?
• The right to have witnesses testify in your favor (compulsory process) is guaranteed by which amendment?
• Which agency was among the earliest federal agencies in the United States?
• Which type of warrant is issued with probable cause that seizable items will be found at a specific location?
• Which color is not used in the signs by color system?
• Which term refers to an emergency that allows law enforcement to bypass a warrant because of imminent danger or destruction of evidence?
• What is the Miranda warning?
• The doctrine described as a duty owed to a particular person rather than the general public is the what?
• In the trial sequence, what is the phase where the defense presents its case after the prosecution has presented?
• Evidence based on reports by others rather than on a witness' own knowledge; generally inadmissible in court.
• The first interrogation of a witness by the party on whose behalf he is called is known as?
• Which term refers to property possessed unlawfully or illegally?
• Which case is referenced as involving a landlord scenario?
• Which case recognized the public safety exception to the Miranda rule?
• Representations such as photographs, sketches, diagrams, casts, and even models can be used to represent the actual evidence in court. What are these representations called?
• What term describes a one-on-one opportunity for a witness to observe the suspect shortly after a crime?
• Which term describes a search conducted to ensure compliance with regulations, not to prove guilt?
• Which set lists the first three federal agencies in the United States?
• Which control measure involves stopping all vehicles and allowing brief questioning to regulate entry by occupants?
• The validity of the warrant is judged by information known at the time of issuance; which case?
• Mali Fides is defined as in bad faith.
• Which of the following is listed as a distinct grade of homicide?
• If death results from the offender's unlawful distribution of illegal drugs, the crime is classified as which degree of murder?
• Which term describes any gas, liquid, or other substance or instrumentality that, in the manner used, is calculated or likely to produce death or great bodily harm?
• What term describes police questioning that occurs while a suspect is in custody and under interrogation?
• Which term is defined as the exercise of the dominion or control by the government over persons or things because of a violation of law?
• Police have a stronger duty to protect when there is a 'special relationship'. Which case?
• Which type of evidence includes canceled checks and laboratory reports?
• Which case guarantees the right to a jury trial for serious crimes in state cases?
• Which case ruled that taking a blood sample without consent can be admissible as physical evidence?
• Coprolagnia is best described as sexual arousal from what?
• What term describes evidence that relies on inference from proven facts?
• Taking anything of value when the victim is seriously injured.
• Which case established the two-pronged test for probable cause?
• Rubbing against the body of another for sexual gratification is known as?
• What were the two major types of law enforcement in early America?
• Which case requires that individuals be informed of their constitutional rights when taken into custody?
• Which term means to contradict?
• Which term describes a murder scenario involving more than one victim?
• Which pretrial step occurs immediately after booking at the police station?
• Which term denotes a person who is under the statutory age of adulthood?
• What are the two main categories of torts under state law?
• Which statement best describes the 'Public duty' doctrine?
• What term describes the act of initiating a legal action?
• What is the term for law enforcement practice for hauling traffic not strictly a form of detention, but limits a person's movement by blocking vehicular flow?
• Goal of the police?
• 99% of proof when compared to probable cause is referred to as which standard?
• Which case established the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine?
• Failure to exercise the degree of care which circumstances justly demand
• Which term refers to the power of a court to compel the presence of the parties within a geographical area?
• The good faith exception applies when which error occurs?
• Which term means the rule by which a court accepts certain things as common knowledge without proof?
• Inability to distinguish right from wrong.
• A confession obtained by brutality or coercion is inadmissible. Which case established this principle?
• What term is commonly used to describe sexual arousal from watching others without their knowledge, often called 'peeping Tom'?
• Testimony given by an accomplice or participant tends to convict others is known as what?
• What term describes the area from within which an arrestee might gain possession of a weapon or destructible evidence?
• Evidence is admissible if police would have inevitably discovered it by lawful means; which exception is this?
• Which term describes property that can be moved or disposed of and includes both tangible and intangible assets?
• Which case is the controlling authority for searches of a vehicle at the time of arrest?
• The first metropolitan police force existed in London, which country is London located in?
• Sentencing is defined as what?
• In a police report, which questions should be answered?
• Which amendment is associated with due process of law and protections against self-incrimination?
• Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishments?
• Which statement is not required to be stated as part of the Miranda warnings?
• Which color represents defense combat?
• Which defense arises when an officer acts in the honest belief that the action was appropriate under the circumstances?
• Defined as the movement of a number of vehicles along a street
• Can be tangible objects such as fingerprints, weapons, bloodstains, tire/footwear impressions, or tool marks.
• Instrument that authorizes the arrest of a named person.
• Which case established that the Fourth Amendment protection extends to wiretapped communications?
• A court attendant who's duties are to keep order in a courtroom and to have custody of the jury.
• In evidence law, what term refers to a statement where a person acknowledges involvement or related facts to the act, but may not have committed it?
• Which degree of robbery applies when the victim is seriously injured during the crime?
• Which statement correctly describes the error that triggers the good faith exception according to the material?
• Validity of a warrant is judged by the information officers had available at the time they issued the warrant. Which case established this?
• Which level of proof corresponds to 80% of proof when compared to probable cause?
• What is the procedure that requires witnesses to be kept separated from each other and from the defense until they are called?
• The Due Process Clause is part of which amendment that extends rights to the states?
• Which term describes chemical agents that irritate eyes and mucous membranes?
• Immigration officials practice of conducting surprise visits to factories and asking employees questions to determine if they are illegal aliens.
• Court attendant responsible for maintaining order in a courtroom and guarding jurors.
• Taking anything of value by force or intimidation, there is no weapon, no pretense of a weapon or injury to the victim.
• Defined as the test that, if a neutral and detached magistrate determines that, based on an informant's information and all other available facts, there is probable cause to believe that an arrest or search is justified.
• Which type of police report is completed within the first days of the investigation?
• The motivating influence behind an action is called
• Which control measure involves stopping all vehicles and allowing brief questioning to regulate entry?
• Which case clarifies that vehicle searches may extend to areas like the trunk when probable cause exists?
• What term refers to the introduction of contradicting testimony during a trial?
• Which term describes a person who repeatedly commits crimes?
• Which term refers to the process of questioning the opposing witness?
• An offense that has, as an element, the use or threat of physical force against the person or property of another, and that, by its very nature, involves a substantial risk that physical force may be used in the course of committing the offense or an offense that involves possession or use of a dangerous weapon is
• Which case created the public safety exception to the Miranda rule?
• The place where a person has established permanent residence is called what?
• Which term describes the act of restraining a person and taking them into custody?
• What term denotes the decision rendered by a court?
• Which term refers to an act that occurs during an investigation where a person or witness incriminates themselves either explicitly or implicitly?
• In traffic control, events that law enforcement can plan for to manage congestion around a special event
• Which writ requires that a detained person be brought before a court to determine legality?
• Which term describes a dream-like mental state used as an escape?
• Events that happen suddenly and unexpectedly, such as crashes or traffic signal malfunctions
• Which level of proof corresponds to 0% of proof relative to probable cause?
• Which term is a certain number of persons, sworn to inquire of certain matters of fact, and declare the truth upon evidence laid before them?
• In chemical weapon color coding, blue corresponds to which agent type?
• Attraction to the opposite sex is referred to as which term?
• Which case guarantees court-appointed counsel in non-capital cases?
• Which term is an order requiring a person to appear in court at a specified time to answer charges?
• Which option correctly lists the three components of the U.S. criminal justice system?
• An instrument in writing ordering a person to perform some specific duty is called a
• Which concept is designed to deter police misconduct by excluding unlawfully obtained evidence?
• What term describes a compulsion to steal an object regardless of its value or use?
• A lawsuit filed under federal law that seeks damages from a police officer, supervisor, and/or department is commonly known as a Section 1983 case. Which option best describes the defendants that can be named?
• Which amendment is commonly associated with the freedoms of speech, assembly, religion, and press?
• Direct evidence leads to the point of the issue without requiring inferences or deductions. Which type of evidence is this?
• Which rule did Mapp v. Ohio establish?
• Which case voids 'fleeing felon' laws and governs deadly force?
• Which case established that officers may search only the area within an arrestee's immediate control?
• Which case reinforces the plea bargain obligation?
• The right to a speedy and public trial is guaranteed by which amendment?
• Which offense refers to forced oral contact?
• Unlawful killing of a human being by another with malice aforethought is commonly referred to as
• Which location is not protected by the Fourth Amendment and may be seized without a warrant?
• The case that established the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine is?
• Which term describes chemical agents that cause sickness and incapacitation rather than immediate death?
• When officers make an arrest in good faith, evidence obtained in a search incident to arrest is still valid. Which case?
• The science of the flight of projectile.
• In the pretrial procedures sequence, what is the second step?
• Which term describes a signed document directing a person to appear in court at a stated time and place?
• Which term means removal from the courtroom of witnesses to prevent exposure to others' testimony?
• Which device tracks people and requires a warrant when placed on a vehicle due to limited privacy on public roads?
• Less intrusive than a full search, if the officer has reasonable articulable suspicion that the suspect has a weapon, the officer may perform a ________.
• Which amendment protects against being compelled to testify against oneself?
• The killing of a human being by negligence is called which offense?
• Which term is used to describe an area or scene that may become a crime scene and thus requires traffic control?
• Which amendment is associated with protections against cruel and unusual punishments?
• The use of a weapon makes a charge ____?
• Which term refers to a legal action involving disrespect or obstruction toward the court during proceedings?
• Which case stands for the principle that a confession obtained by brutality is inadmissible?
• Which case holds that a 'reasonable' detention in a station house cannot be used to extend custody beyond what is reasonable?
• Which term is used to denote the idea that a decision in a prior case should guide future cases?
• Who is typically interrogated?
• The protection against self-incrimination is found in which amendment?
• After an arrest, which action is listed as permissible?
• Voyeurism is defined as sexual arousal from watching others undress or engage in sexual activity?
• Triolism is best described as sexual arousal in relation to three people?
• Which branch of government consists of the United States Supreme Court and lower federal courts?
• Which term describes a stopping of a judicial proceeding by a court order?
• Attraction to the same sex is described by which term?
• A court whose territorial authority is confined to the city or municipality is called
• Which term refers to an object used to commit a crime?
• Which statement describes the tainting of derivative evidence after unlawful primary evidence?
• Marriages to or sexual intercourse with certain family members with knowledge of that relationship or unnatural carnal copulation with an animal.
• Which case introduced the good faith exception to the exclusionary rule?
• The level of certainty needed in order for a police officer to conduct a stop and frisk is called what?
• Which color has the sign for the most urgent combat scenario?
• Which term describes the dismissal of a prospective juror without needing to state a reason?
• The method of operation by criminals is called
• Freedom of the press is protected by which amendment?
• A declaration to a court, by the plaintiff, that he does not wish to further prosecute the case
• What is the term for a report completed after an investigation is resolved as cleared, unfounded, or completed?
• Voir dire is best described as which of the following?
• What term refers to an open or physical act, as opposed to a thought?
• In personal protection, what distance defines the reactionary gap?
• In chemical weapon color coding, orange corresponds to which chemical agent?
• Which term denotes a person who secretly provides information to the police?
• What is the primary purpose of pen registers?
• What is an indictment?
• Challenge for cause is defined as which of the following?
• What is a bifurcated trial?
• Coprolagnia is best described as sexual arousal from excrement?
• Which scenario is an example of spontaneous event in traffic management?
• Which amendment guards against unreasonable searches and seizures?
• What is the goal of the courts?
• What is the term for the necessity or duty of affirmatively proving a fact or facts in dispute?
• Non-verbal communication is described as which of the following?
• Evidence of what a witness thinks, believes, or infers about a fact in dispute
• The case that holds that evidence obtained in good faith may be admissible if police reasonably relied on a defective warrant is identified with which case in this material?
• Which term describes a face-to-face confrontation involving a lineup or suspects identification after formal charging?
• Which term describes arousal from being dominated, mistreated, or hurt?
• Which term describes the detention of an accused person not for ensuring appearance in court but to prevent possible harm to society by dangerous individuals?
• Which statement accurately reflects the function of a grand jury?
• Which case is described as a leading case in the material?
• Taking anything of value by force or intimidation while pretending to have a weapon.
• What is the term for the attempt or threat to inflict bodily harm on another person?
• Which term denotes the surrender of a person from one state to another for prosecution?
• How many fingerprint classes are described in the material?
• Which statement best describes probable cause in the context of arrest with a warrant?
• Who are the main parties typically involved in police civil liability cases?
• Sexual interaction between an animal and a human is called?
• Which amendment prohibits excessive bail or fines?
• Which branch of government consists of the president, vice president, and cabinet-level departments?
• Which type of burglar is described as petty offenders or opportunists who will attempt crimes that seem safe and easy?
• Which level of proof corresponds to 20% of proof relative to probable cause?
• Triolism involves sexual gratification through involvement of how many participants?
• Freedom to assemble is protected by which amendment?
• Which amendment addresses the right to a jury trial in civil cases over twenty dollars?
• Which case created the 'silver platter' doctrine allowing illegally obtained evidence in federal courts?
• Which color signals a state of alarm?
• The purge taint exception is described as what?
• Freedom of speech is protected by which amendment?
• Means and applies to any executive, ministerial, administrative, judicial, or legislative officer, office, employee or position of authority respectively, of the state of Louisiana or any parish, municipality, district, or other political subdivision thereof, or any agency, board, commission, department or institution of said state, parish, municipality, district or other political subdivision.
• Which option is not described as a burglary category in the material?
• Which of the following is a factor listed as controlling latent print deposition?
• Which pretrial stage is typically the formal charging document used by prosecutors?
• Freedom of religion is protected by which amendment?
• Which term describes the release of a person without monetary bail?
• The protection against double jeopardy is found in which amendment?
• The right to counsel during criminal prosecutions is guaranteed by which amendment?
• Which amendment applies the Bill of Rights to the states?
• Which case established the stop and frisk concept, enabling police to stop and frisk based on reasonable suspicion?
• The United States has a ___________, meaning that there is one system for federal cases and another for state cases.
• What term describes the use of electronic devices to monitor a person's activities or location?
• Which term describes a case that is strong enough to prevail if not contradicted by the opposing party?
• The rationale behind committing a crime, the motivating influence
• The first metropolitan police force in the United States was located in which city?
• Which appellate outcome sends a case back to the lower court with instructions?
• A fixed morbid fear of some object or person for which normal persons lack fear is called what?
• Which term describes the final determination of guilt or innocence by a court at trial?
• Which case requires the person issuing warrants to be neutral and detached?
• Entering any building with the intent to steal or commit a felony while armed, or gaining a weapon upon entry or battering anyone inside, is which burglary category?
• Which case addressed the admissibility of a blood sample obtained from a suspect?
• The guarantee of just compensation for takings is found in which amendment?
• The right to an impartial jury is guaranteed by which amendment?
• What is the role of the grand jury in the indictment process?
• Which standard of proof is required to convict in criminal trials?
• Which type of evidence relies on what others have said rather than the witness's own knowledge?
• Taking anything of value from another with force or intimidation while armed with a dangerous weapon.
• What term refers to the party against whom an action at law or in equity is brought, who denies or opposes the action?
• Which color sign corresponds to total relax?
• Which term describes the intentional deceit used to deprive another of property?
• Imprison the victim for more than 72 hrs.
• A violation of the 'knock and announce' rule does not automatically make evidence inadmissible. Which case?
• Entering any building with the intent to steal or commit a felony is which burglary category?
• Which term is used to undermine the credibility of witnesses or evidence presented by the opposing side?
• Which are the three manual signals used for traffic control?
• Which term denotes evidence given by a competent witness under oath?
• Which of the following is an example of an early state police organization?
• Which case refined the Aguilar two-pronged test by emphasizing the basis of knowledge and reliability?
• Which verb means to give up a personal right?
• Which term refers to an official court order prohibiting certain actions?
• In color-coded chemical classification, which color is linked to irritants?
• Which set lists the first five state police organizations in the United States?
• Which amendment governs changes of venue during a trial?
• Which term describes the release without monetary bail?
• Which is the last step in the post-trial procedures?
• Which hearsay exception covers statements that are against the declarant's own interest?
• Which term describes 0% of proof relative to probable cause?
• What standard justifies a stop (temporary detention)?
• Which items are acceptable procedures for securing a photographic identification?
• In chemical weapon color coding, green corresponds to which agent type?
• Which term refers to rights guaranteed to every person by the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions through citizenship?
• The term Critical distance is defined as which measurement?
• Proof of facts by a witness who saw the acts done or heard words spoken, as distinguished from circumstantial evidence, is called?
• Which Scottish physician suggested that fingerprints could be important for criminal identification?
• Which case held that a lineup or other face-to-face confrontations after formal charging is a critical stage of proceedings, requiring the accused to have counsel present?
• A ________ of a person under the Fourth Amendment is determined by whether the reasonable person under like circumstances would believe that he/she was free to leave.
• The police component is made up of four levels. Which set correctly lists them?
• Which is a required element of a search warrant?
• Which statement about warrants is true?
• Which item may be subject to a search or seizure?
• Which amendment protects the right to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against you?
• Apodaca v Oregon addressed which issue?
• Which term describes rubbing bodies together?
• Erotic stimuli from an inanimate or animate object is termed?
• Which of the following is an example of privileged communication?
• Which case states that with probable cause you can search a vehicle as though a magistrate gave you a warrant, including the trunk and locked areas?
• Which statement best describes direct evidence?
• Which term is the science of poisons?
• Which term refers to recording only the numbers dialed, not the actual communications?
• Obligation signed by the accused, with sureties, to secure presence in court.
• Defined as more than bare suspicion. It exists when 'the facts and circumstances within the officer's knowledge and of which they had reasonable trustworthy information are sufficient in themselves to warrant a man of reasonable caution in the belief that an offense has been or is being committed'.
• What standard justifies a full search?
• Stop and frisk doctrine is based on which case?
• Which term includes a human being from the moment of fertilization and implantation and includes anyone incorporated or not?
• Which form of self incrimination involves oral statements or communications during an investigation?
• Which term means to verify; establish the truth by adequate evidence?
• A person who transcribes testimony by shorthand or stenographically is called what?
• Which element refers to the officer's legal power to make an arrest?
• Which term means a copy of the original writing reduced to writing?
• What term describes the removal of a suit from one jurisdiction to another or within the same jurisdiction?
• Which term refers to property derived from a crime?
• Which exception allows admission of evidence obtained from an independent source not connected with the illegality?
• Which term describes instances when an officer is in open space and sees an item within an enclosed area?